end of serfhood 农奴制的终结
abolition of serfhood 废除农奴制
conditions of serfhood 农奴制的条件
serfdom 农奴制(同义替换)
feudal system 封建制度
1. The Russian Empire abolished serfhood in 1861.
1861年,俄罗斯帝国废除了农奴制。
2. Historians debate the exact impact of serfhood on economic development.
历史学家们争论农奴制对经济发展的确切影响。
3. Life under serfhood was harsh and devoid of personal freedom.
在农奴制下的生活是严酷的,且缺乏人身自由。
4. The transition from serfhood to a wage labor system took decades.
从农奴制向工资劳动体系的过渡花了数十年时间。
A: Why do we study medieval history?
A:我们为什么要学习中世纪历史?
B: To understand social structures like serfhood and their long-term effects.
B:为了理解像农奴制这样的社会结构及其长期影响。
1) 中世纪欧洲农民依附于土地的法律状态。
2) 一种前资本主义的剥削制度。
3) 导致农民缺乏人身自由的经济关系。
1. n. 农奴制;农奴身份
e.g. The reform of 1861 marked the end of serfhood in Russia. 1861年的改革标志着俄国农奴制的终结。
noun
1. The social and economic condition of serfs, especially in medieval Europe, characterized by lack of personal freedom and dependence on land.
Synonym: serfdom, villeinage