1. hard and fast : 严格的;
2. hard by : 在近处;
3. hard upon : 接近于;
4. die hard : (旧习惯等)难改掉, 顽固;
5. be hard put to it : 陷入困境;
6. hard at it : 拼命工作, 工作卖力;
7. be hard pressed : 被紧紧追赶;
8. as hard as nails : 身体结实, 冷酷无情;
9. be hard done by : 受到不公平的待遇, 被苛待;
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1. 硬的;坚硬的;坚固的
Something that is hard is very firm and stiff to touch and is not easily bent, cut, or broken.
1. not easy
requiring great physical or mental effort to accomplish or comprehend or endure
e.g. a difficult task
nesting places on the cliffs are difficult of access
difficult times
why is it so hard for you to keep a secret?
Synonym: difficult
2. characterized by effort to the point of exhaustion
especially physical effort
e.g. worked their arduous way up the mining valley
a grueling campaign
hard labor
heavy work
heavy going
spent many laborious hours on the project
set a punishing pace
Synonym: arduousbackbreakinggruelinggruellingheavylaboriousoperosepunishingtoilsome
3. dried out
e.g. hard dry rolls left over from the day before
4. unfortunate or hard to bear
e.g. had hard luck
a tough break
Synonym: tough
5. resisting weight or pressure
6. dispassionate
e.g. took a hard look
a hard bargainer
7. (of speech sounds)
produced with the back of the tongue raised toward or touching the velum
e.g. Russian distinguished between hard consonants and palatalized or soft consonants
8. (of light) transmitted directly from a pointed light source
Synonym: concentrated
9. being distilled rather than fermented
having a high alcoholic content
e.g. hard liquor
Synonym: strong
10. given to excessive indulgence of bodily appetites especially for intoxicating liquors
e.g. a hard drinker
Synonym: intemperateheavy
11. produced without vibration of the vocal cords
e.g. unvoiced consonants such as `p' and `k' and `s'
Synonym: unvoicedvoicelesssurd
12. very strong or vigorous
e.g. strong winds
a hard left to the chin
a knockout punch
a severe blow